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Recommended HRmax

184bpm

Tanaka (2001)

Average of all 6 models

183bpm

if unsure, use this

Six published predictors, side by side (±10–12 bpm typical error)

Fox / Haskell (1971)185 bpm
Tanaka (2001)Recommended184 bpm
Gellish (2007)183 bpm
Nes (2013)189 bpm
Gulati, women (2010)175 bpm
Londeree & Moeschberger181 bpm
Average of all six modelsmean of the predictors above183 bpm
  • We recommend Tanaka (2001) because it was re-derived from a meta-analysis of 18,712 people and is more accurate across ages than the old 220 minus age rule, which tends to run high for older athletes.
  • Formula-predicted HRmax carries a standard deviation of roughly ±10–12 bpm, so two athletes of the same age can differ by 20+ bpm. Use it as a starting point only.
  • For accuracy, do a maximal field test (e.g. a hard hill-repeat session or a supervised ramp test) and read your true HRmax from the device.

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